Vollständiger Titel
ECONOMICS AND POLICY OF ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Verlag
FrancoAngeli
ISSN
2280-7659 (Gedruckte Zeitschrift)
2280-7667 (Online-Zeitschrift)
Nummer der Ausgabe
2
Andere Beschreibung der Ausgabe
2
Erscheinungsdatum der Ausgabe (YYYY/MM)
2020/06
Vollständiger Titel
Is electric car uptake driven by monetary factors? A total cost of ownership comparison between Norway and Italy
Von (Autor)
Erste Seite
99
Letzte Seite
132
Sprache des Textes
Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum
2020/06
Copyright
2019 FrancoAngeli srl
Vorwort
The paper makes use of a recently developed total cost of ownership (TCO) methodology to assess the cost competitiveness of the best-selling battery electric vehicles (BEVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), diesel and petrol cars in Norway and Italy, two countries at the antipodes for BEV uptake in Europe. The results of the TCO study show that in Norway BEVs are the most competitive amongst the four propulsion systems since they have the lowest average value for the annualized TCO/km, whereas in Italy BEVs are the least cost-competitive. In Norway the government encourages the purchase of BEVs by imposing much lower registration taxes than the very high applied to internal combustion engine vehicles, whilst in Italy BEV uptake is mostly supported by a decrease in the purchase price. The paper also unveils a negative relationship between the volume of each model sales and the corresponding annualized TCO/km, both for the joint database and, separately, for each country. Yet, looking at Norway, we show that the volume of car sales is positively associated with the purely electric propulsion system, but not with the annualized TCO/km, pointing to possible non-monetary motives leading consumers' choices. The authors provide policy recommendations on fiscal and non-fiscal measures to support BEVs diffusion in countries such as Italy, where BEV uptake is low but with relevant potential.
Unstructured Zitierung
Abotalebi E., Scott D. M., Ferguson M. R. (2019). Can Canadian households benefit economically from purchasing battery electric vehicles?. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 77: 292-302.
Unstructured Zitierung
Alberini A., Di Cosmo V., Bigano A. (2019). How are fuel efficient cars priced? Evidence from eight EU countries. Energy Policy,
134, 110978.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2019.110978
Unstructured Zitierung
Alexander M., Davis M. (2013). Total cost of ownership model for current plug-in electric vehicles. Electric Power Research Institute. Palo Alto, CA, available at -- http://www.ehcar.net/library/rapport/rapport079.pdf.
Unstructured Zitierung
Allcott H., Knittel C. (2019). Are consumers poorly informed about fuel economy? Evidence from two experiments. American Economic
Journal: Economic Policy, 11(1), 1-37.
https://doi.org/10.1257/pol.20170019
Unstructured Zitierung
Allcott H., Wozny N. (2014). Gasoline prices, fuel economy, and the energy paradox. Review of Economics and Statistics, 96(5): 779-795.
Unstructured Zitierung
American Automobile Association Inc. (2019). Electric Vehicle Range Testing in relation to ambient temperature and HVAC use, -- http://www.aaa.com/AAA/common/AAR/files/AAA-Electric-Vehicle-Range-Testing-Report.pdf.
Unstructured Zitierung
Anderson S. T., Kellogg R., Sallee J. M. (2013). What do consumers believe about future gasoline prices? Journal of Environmental
Economics and Management, 66(3): 383-403.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2013.07.002
Unstructured Zitierung
Bickert S., Kampker A., Greger D. (2015). Developments of CO2-emissions and costs for small electric and combustion engine vehicles in Germany. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 36: 138-151.
Unstructured Zitierung
Bjerkan K. Y., Nørbech T. E., Nordtømme M. E. (2016). Incentives for promoting battery electric vehicle (BEV) adoption in Norway. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 43: 169-180.
Unstructured Zitierung
Breetz H. L., Salon D. (2018). Do electric vehicles need subsidies? Ownership costs for conventional, hybrid, and electric vehicles in 14 US cities. Energy Policy, 120: 238-249.
Unstructured Zitierung
Bubeck S., Tomaschek J., Fahl U. (2016). Perspectives of electric mobility: Total cost of ownership of electric vehicles in Germany. Transport Policy, 50: 63-77.
Unstructured Zitierung
COWI (2017) Oppdatering av enhetskostnader i nytte-kostnadsanalyser i Statens vegvesen. (In Norwegian: Update of unit costs for cost-benefit analysis in Norwegian Public Roads Administration). Report, October 2017. Oslo.
Unstructured Zitierung
Danielis R., Giansoldati M., Rotaris L. (2018). A probabilistic total cost of ownership model to evaluate the current and future prospects of electric cars uptake in Italy. Energy Policy, 119: 268-281.
Unstructured Zitierung
Danielis R., Giansoldati M., Scorrano M. (2017). Consumer-and society-oriented cost of ownership of electric and conventional cars in Italy. Mimeo, available at -- https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/4e8c/1e657e3ceb036a404c1afa0bc2a7d391d8c9.pdf.
Unstructured Zitierung
Diao Q., Sun W., Yuan X., Li L., Zheng Z. (2016). Life-cycle private-cost-based competitiveness analysis of electric vehicles in China considering the intangible cost of traffic policies. Applied Energy, 178: 567-578.
Unstructured Zitierung
Element Energy (2011). Influences on the Low Low Carbon Car Market from 2020–2030.
Unstructured Zitierung
Report by Element Energy Limited. UK, -- available at http://www.element-energy.co.uk/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Influences-on-the-Low-Carbon-Car-Market
Unstructured Zitierung
-from-2020-2030-Final-Report-010811_pdf.pdf. Figenbaum E. (2019). Charging Into the Future: Analysis of Fast Charger Usage. TØI Report, (1682/2019), available at -- https://www.toi.no/getfile.php?mmfileid=49751.
Unstructured Zitierung
Hasan S., Mathisen T. A. (2018). Policy measures and socio economic factors for the widespread electric vehicle adoption – Evidence from Norway, Paper presented at the 2018 European Transport Conference.
Unstructured Zitierung
IEA (2019). Global EV Outlook 2019. Scaling up the transition to electric mobility. Paris, France.
Unstructured Zitierung
Letmathe P., Suares M. (2017). A consumer-oriented total cost of ownership model for different vehicle types in Germany. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 57: 314-335.
Unstructured Zitierung
Lévay P. Z., Drossinos Y., Thiel C. (2017). The effect of fiscal incentives on market penetration of electric vehicles: A pairwise comparison of total cost of ownership. Energy Policy, 105: 524-533.
Unstructured Zitierung
Logtenberg R., Pawley J., Saxifrage B. (2018). Comparing fuel and maintenance costs of electric and gas powered vehicles in Canada. 2 Degrees Institute, available at -- https://www.2degreesinstitute.org/reports/comparing_fuel_and_maintenance_costs_of_electric_and_gas_powered_vehicles_in_canada.pdf.
Unstructured Zitierung
Lorentzen E., Haugneland P., Bu C., Hauge E. (2017). Charging infrastructure experiences in Norway-the worlds most advanced EV market. In EVS30 Symposium (pp. 9-11), available at -- https://elbil.no/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/EVS30-Charging-infrastrucure-experiencesin-Norway-paper.pdf.
Unstructured Zitierung
McKinsey A. (2010). Portfolio of power-trains for Europe: A fact-based analysis. McKinsey & Company, Tech. Rep, available at -- https://www.eesi.org/files/europe_vehicles.pdf.
Unstructured Zitierung
Mersky A. C., Sprei F., Samaras C., Qian Z. S. (2016). Effectiveness of incentives on electric vehicle adoption in Norway. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 46: 56-68.
Unstructured Zitierung
Mitropoulos L. K., Prevedouros P. D., Kopelias P. (2017). Total cost of ownership and externalities of conventional, hybrid and electric vehicle. Transportation research procedia, 24: 267-274.
Unstructured Zitierung
Norwegian Public Roads Administration (2018). Konsekvensanalyser. Håndbok V712 (In Norwegian: Consequence analysis). Oslo. Oak Ridge National Laboratory (2010). How Consumers Value Fuel Economy: A Literature Review. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, DC, March, -- available at https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi/P1006V0O.PDF?Dockey=P1006V0O.PDF.
Unstructured Zitierung
Opplysningsrådet for vegtrafikken (OFV) (2018). Eksempler på beregning av kostnader ved bilhold 2018. (In Norwegian: Calculation examples of cost for car ownership 2018. Oslo.
Unstructured Zitierung
Palmer K., Tate J. E., Wadud Z., Nellthorp J. (2018). Total cost of ownership and market share for hybrid and electric vehicles in the UK, US and Japan. Applied Energy, 209: 108-119.
Unstructured Zitierung
Plötz P., Gnann T., Kühn A., Wietschel M. (2013). Markthochlaufszenarien für Elektrofahrzeuge. Fraunhofer-Institut für System und Innovationsforschung ISI, available at https://www.isi.fraunhofer.de/content/dam/isi/dokumente/cce/2014/Fraunhofer-ISI-Markthochlaufszenarien-Elektrofahrzeuge-Langfassung.pdf.
Unstructured Zitierung
Propfe B., Redelbach M. (2012). Cost analysis of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles including maintenance & repair costs and resale values. In: Proceedings of the EVS26 International Battery, Hybrid and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Symposium. German Aerospace Center (DLR), available at -- https://elib.dlr.de/75697/1/EVS26_Propfe_final.pdf.
Unstructured Zitierung
Propfe B., Redelbach M., Santini D., Friedrich H. (2012). Cost analysis of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles including maintenance & repair costs and resale values. World Electric Vehicle Journal, 5(4): 886-895.
Unstructured Zitierung
Rusich A., Danielis R. (2015). Total cost of ownership, social lifecycle cost and energy consumption of various automotive technologies in Italy. Research in Transportation Economics, 50: 3-16.
Unstructured Zitierung
Scorrano M., Danielis R., Giansoldati M. (2020a). Dissecting the total cost of ownership of fully electric cars in Italy:
the impact of annual distance travelled, home charging and urban driving, Research in Transportation Economics.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2019.100799
Unstructured Zitierung
Scorrano M., Danielis R., Giansoldati M. (2020b). Mandating the use of the electric taxis: The case of Florence. Transportation
Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 132: 402-414.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2019.11.018
Unstructured Zitierung
Sierzchula W., Bakker S., Maat K., Van Wee B. (2014). The influence of financial incentives and other socio-economic factors on electric vehicle adoption. Energy Policy, 68: 183-194.
Unstructured Zitierung
Transport and the Environment (2019). How vehicle taxes can accelerate electric car sales, Briefing, February. -- https://www.transportenvironment.org/sites/te/files/publications/2019_02_How_vehicle_taxes_can_accelerate_electric_car_final.pdf.
Unstructured Zitierung
Turrentine T. S., Kurani K. S. (2007). Car buyers and fuel economy? Energy Policy, 35(2): 1213-1223.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2006.03.005
Unstructured Zitierung
UNRAE (2019). Immatricolazioni in Italia di autovetture e fuoristrada. Top ten per alimentazione – novembre -- http://www.unrae.it/files/06%20novembre_Top%2010%20alimentazione_5de51b63ae97e.pdf.
Unstructured Zitierung
Weldon P., Morrissey P., O’Mahony M. (2018). Long-term cost of ownership comparative analysis between electric vehicles and internal combustion engine vehicles. Sustainable Cities and Society, 39: 578-591.
Unstructured Zitierung
Wu G., Inderbitzin A., Bening C. (2015). Total cost of ownership of electric vehicles compared to conventional vehicles: A probabilistic analysis and projection across market segments. Energy Policy, 80: 196-214.
Unstructured Zitierung
Yuksel T., Michalek J. J. (2015). Effects of regional temperature on electric vehicle efficiency, range, and emissions in the United States. Environmental science & technology, 49(6): 3974-3980.
Unstructured Zitierung
Zhao X., Doering O. C., Tyner W. E. (2015). The economic competitiveness and emissions of battery electric vehicles in China. Applied Energy, 156: 666-675.