Main description (English)

Hand weaving, a centuries-old textile tradition, is increasingly recognized as a potential model for sustainable production in the modern textile industry. This study evaluates the environmental, ethical, and socio-economic dimensions of hand weaving across region of Serbia using a mixed-method approach combining life cycle assessment (LCA) and ethnographic field analysis. Quantitative results demonstrate that hand weaving produces up to 70% fewer carbon emissions and consumes 50–80% less energy than mechanized textile manufacturing, particularly when using locally sourced, natural fibers. Qualitative findings reveal strong cultural and ethical benefits, including gender-inclusive employment and heritage preservation; however, persistent challenges such as synthetic dye pollution, market volatility, and insufficient policy support limit the sector’s overall sustainability. The study concludes that integrating traditional weaving with eco-innovation, fairtrade certification, and community-based governance can position hand weaving as a viable pathway toward circular and ethical textile production systems. Keywords: hand weaving, sustainability, environment, ethical practice, life cycle assessment.