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Cite as
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Full Title
RICERCHE DI PSICOLOGIA
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Publisher
FrancoAngeli
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ISSN
0391-6081 (Printed Journal)
1972-5620 (Online Journal)
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Journal Issue Number
1
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Journal Issue Designation
1
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Journal Issue Date (YYYY/MM)
2020/04
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Full Title
Identità multiple, connessione sociale e attivismo sociale: un modello esplicativo in adolescenti immigrati e italiani
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By (author)
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First Page
21
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Last Page
43
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Language of text
Italian
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Publication Date
2020/04
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Copyright
2020 FrancoAngeli srl
Introduction or preface
Secondo la prospettiva teorica del Positive Youth Development (PYD), il coinvolgimento dei giovani nell'attivismo sociale, ovvero in iniziative che promuovono il cambiamento sociale, e espressione di un percorso di crescita adeguato. In particolare, il PYD sostiene che l'adesione degli adolescenti immigrati ad azioni in favore del progresso delle comunita ospitanti e indice di adattamento positivo. Nell'ottica del PYD, e necessario sostenere l'impegno civico dei giovani, identificando i fattori individuali ed ecologici che lo favoriscono. Tra questi, l'identita e la connessione sociale multiple sembrano avere un ruolo rilevante, specie in contesti fortemente ambigui, come quello italiano, in termini di accoglienza degli immigrati e di inclusione dei giovani negli spazi di partecipazione civile. A partire da tali premesse, questo lavoro ha testato un modello di relazioni in cui l'identita sociale multipla puo essere considerata una risorsa che influisce positivamente sull'attivismo sociale attraverso il ruolo mediatore della connessione sociale multipla. Tale modello e stato ipotizzato invariante tra adolescenti immigrati ed italiani che, pur affrontando situazioni di vita diverse, condividono lo stesso contesto generale di sviluppo. Allo studio hanno partecipato 86 adolescenti immigrati (57% maschi; Meta = 17.12, DS = 1.73) e 114 adolescenti italiani (52% maschi; Meta = 16.68, DS = 1.68) frequentanti tre scuole superiori di secondo grado nel Sud Italia. I dati sono stati raccolti con l'uso di un questionario self-report che includeva tre misure di identita sociale (nazionale, religiosa, etnica/regionale), tre di connessione sociale (rispetto delle autorita, connessione con la societa italiana e gruppo religioso) e una di attivismo sociale. L'analisi dei dati ha previsto la stima di modelli di mediazione alternativi (totale e parziale) e l'invarianza tra adolescenti immigrati e italiani. I risultati suggeriscono che l'associazione dell'identita sociale multipla con l'attivismo sociale e pienamente mediata dalla connessione sociale multipla in un processo che sembra promuovere un sano impegno sociale sia per gli adolescenti immigrati sia per gli italiani. Quanto emerso offre utili spunti per programmare interventi educativi che stimolino i giovani a esplorare le loro diverse appartenenze sociali e li incoraggino a sentirsi parte di una comunita allargata, verso la quale indirizzare azioni che ne favoriscano il cambiamento in modo costruttivo.
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