Unstructured Citation

Abbott, R.D., White, L.R., Ross, G.W., Masaki, K.H., Curb, J.D., Petrovitch, H. (2004). Walking and dementia in physically capable elderly men. JAMA, 292, 1447-1453.

https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.292.12.1447

Unstructured Citation

Alexopoulos, G.S. (2003). Vascular disease, depression and dementia. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 51, 1178-1180

Unstructured Citation

Alzheimer’s Disease International (2009). World Alzheimer Report 2009. London

Unstructured Citation

Andrieu, S., Aboderin, I., Baeyens, J.P., Beard, J., Benetos, A., Berrut, G., Brainin, M., Cha, H.B., Chen, L.K., Du, P., Forette, B., Forette, F., Franco, A., Fratiglioni, L., Gillette-Guyonnet, S., Gold, G., Gomez, F., Guimaraes, R., Gustafson, D., Khachaturian, A., Luchsinger, J., Mangialasche, F., Mathiex- Fortunet, H., Michel, J.P., Richard, E., Schneider, L.S., Solomon, A., & Vellas, B. (2011). IAGG Workshop: health promotion program on prevention of late onset dementia. The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging, 15, 562-575

https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-011-0142-1

Unstructured Citation

Barnes, D.E., Yaffe, K., Satariano, W.A., Tager, I.B. (2003). A longitudinal study of cardiorespiratory fitness and cognitive function in healthy older adults.- Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 51, 459-465

https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1532-5415.2003.51153.x

Unstructured Citation

Barnes, D.E., & Yaffe, K. (2011). The projected effect of risk factor reduction on Alzheimer’s disease prevalence. The Lancet Neurology, 10, 819-828.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(11)70072-2

Unstructured Citation

Brown, A.K., Liu-Ambrose, T., Tate, R., & Lord, S.R. (2009). The effect of group-based exercise on cognitive performance and mood in seniors residing in intermediate care and self-care retirement facilities: a randomized controlled trial. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 43, 608-614

https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2008.049882

Unstructured Citation

Cesa Bianchi, M., & Cristini, C. (2009). Vecchio sarà lei! Muoversi, pensare, comunicare. Napoli: Guida

Unstructured Citation

Chang, M., Jonsson, P.V., Snaedal, J., Bjornsson, S., Saczynski, J.S., Aspelund, T., Eiriksdottir, G., Jonsdottir, M.K., Lopez, O.L., Harris, T.B., Gudnason, V., & Launer, L.J. (2010). The Effect of Midlife Physical Activity on Cognitive Function Among Older Adults: AGES—Reykjavik Study. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 65A(12), 1369-1374.

Unstructured Citation

Churchill, J.D., Galvez, D., Colcombe, S., Swain, R.A., Kramer, A.F., & Greenogh, W.T. (2002). Exercise, experience and the aging brain. Neurobiol Aging, 23, 941-955

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0197-4580(02)00028-3

Unstructured Citation

Colcombe, S.J., Erickson, K.I., Scalf, P.E., Kim, J.S., Prakash, R., McAuley, E., Elavsky, S., Marquez, D.X., Hu, L., & Kramer, A.F. (2006). Aerobic Exercise Training Increases Brain Volume in Aging Humans. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 61(11), 1166-1170

https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/61.11.1166

Unstructured Citation

Cotman, C.W., & Berchtold, N.C. (2002). Exercise: a behavioral intervention to enhance brain health and plasticity. Trends Neurosci, 25(6), 295-301

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-2236(02)02143-4

Unstructured Citation

DeWeerdt, S. (2011). Activity is the best medicine. Nature, 475, S16-S17

https://doi.org/10.1038/475S16a

Unstructured Citation

Eggermont, L.H.P., & Scherder, E.J.A. (2006). Physical activity and behaviour in dementia. A review of the literature and implications for psychosocial intervention in primary care. Dementia, 5, 411-428

https://doi.org/10.1177/1471301206067115

Unstructured Citation

Erickson, K.I., Raji, C.A., Lopez, O.L., Becker, J.T., Rosano, C., Newman, A.B., Gach, H.M., Thompson, P.M., Ho, A.J., & Kuller, L.H. (2010). Physical activity predicts gray matter volume in late adulthood. The Cardiovascular Health Study. Neurology, 75, 1415-1422.

https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181f88359

Unstructured Citation

Erickson, K.I., Voss, M.W., Prakash, R.S., Basak, C., Szabor, A., Chaddock, L., Kim, J.S., Heo, S., Alves, H., White, S.M., Wojcicki, T.R., Mailey, E., Vieira, V.J., Martin, S.A., Woods, J.A., McAuley, E., & Kramer, A.F. (2011). Exercise training increases size of hippocampus and improves memory. PNAS, 108(7), 3017-3022.

https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1015950108

Unstructured Citation

Ferrucci, L., Izmirilian, G., Phillips, C.L., Corti, M.C., Brock, D.B., & Guralnik, J.M. (1999). Smoking, physical activity and active life expectancy. American Journal of Public Health, 149, 645-653.

Unstructured Citation

Fiatarone, M.A., O’Neill, E.F., Ryan, N.D., Clements, K.M., Solares, G.R., Nelson, M.E., Roberts, S.B., Kehayias, J.J., Lipsitz, L.A. & Evans, W.J. (1994). Exercise training and nutritional supplementation for physical frailty in very elderly people. The New England Journal of Medicine, 330, 1769-75.

https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199406233302501

Unstructured Citation

Fratiglioni, L., Paillard-Borg, S., & Winblad, B. (2004). An active and socially integrated lifestyle in late life might protect against dementia. The Lancet Neurology, 3, 343-353

https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(04)00767-7

Unstructured Citation

Fratiglioni, L., & Qiu, C. (2011). Prevention of cognitive decline in ageing: prevention as the target, delayed onset as the goal. The Lancet Neurology, 10, 778-779.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(11)70145-4

Unstructured Citation

Gill, T.M., Baker, D.I., Gottschalk, M., Peduzzi, P.N., Allore, H., Byers, A. (2002). A program to prevent functional decline in physically frail, elderly persons who live at home. The New England Journal of Medicine, 347, 1068- 1074.

https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa020423

Unstructured Citation

Hassmen, P., & Koivula, N. (1997). Mood, physical working capacity and cognitive performance in the elderly as related to physical activity. Aging-Clinical and Experimental Research, 9, 136-142.

Unstructured Citation

Heyn, P., Abreu, B.C., & Ottenbacher, K.J. (2004). The effects of exercise training on elderly persons with cognitive impairment and dementia: a meta-analysis. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 85, 1694-1704

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2004.03.019

Unstructured Citation

Jack Jr, C.R., Knopman, D.S., Jagust, W.G.J., Shaw, L. M., Aisen, P. S., Weiner, M. W., Petersen, C. R., & Trojanowski, J. Q. (2010). Hypothetical model of dynamic biomarkers of the Alzheimer’s pathological cascade. The Lancet Neurology, 9, 119-128.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(09)70299-6

Unstructured Citation

von Kanel, R., Mausbach, B.T., Dimsdale, J.E., Mills, P.J., Patterson, T.L., Ancoli- Israel, S., Ziegler, M.G., Roepke, S.K., Harmell, A.L., Allison, M., & Grant, I. (2011). Regular physical activity moderates cardiometabolic risk in Alzheimer’s caregivers. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 43, 181- 189

https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181e6d478

Unstructured Citation

Katzman, R. (1993). Views and reviews: education and the prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease. Neurology, 43, 13-20

https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.43.1_Part_1.13

Unstructured Citation

King, A.C., Baumann, K., O’Sullivan, P., Wilcox, S., & Castro, C. (2002). Effects of moderate-intensity exercise on psychological, behavioral and emotional responses to family caregiving: a randomized controlled trial. J Gerontol, 57, M26-M36

https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/57.1.M26

Unstructured Citation

Koehl, M., Meerlo, P., Gonzales, D., Rontal, A., Turck, F.W., & Abrous D.N. (2008). Exercise-induced promotion of hippocampal cell proliferation requires b-endorphin. FASEB J, 22(7), 2253-2262

https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.07-099101

Unstructured Citation

Kramer, A.F., Erickson, K.I. & Colcombe, S.J. (2006). Neural changes associated with training. Exercise, cognition, and the aging brain. Journal of Applied Physiology, 101, 1237-1242

https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00500.2006

Unstructured Citation

Lampinen, P., Heikkinen, R.L., & Ruoppila, I. (2000). Changes in intensity of physical exercise as predictors of depressive symptoms among older adults: an eight-year follow-up. Prev Med, 30, 371-380.

https://doi.org/10.1006/pmed.2000.0641

Unstructured Citation

Larson, E.B. (2011). Brain and aging. Archives of Internal Medicine, 171(14), 1258-1259

https://doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2011.273

Unstructured Citation

Lautenschlager, N.T., Cox, K.L., Flicker, L., Foster, J.K., van Bockxmeer, F.M., Xiao, J., Greenop, K.R., & Almeida, O.P. (2008). Effect of physical activity on cognitive function in older adults at risk for Alzheimer disease. A randomized trial. JAMA, 300(9), 1027-1037.

https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.300.9.1027

Unstructured Citation

Liang, K.Y., Mintun, M.A., Fagan, A.M., Goate, A.M., Bugg, J.M., Holtzman, D.M., Morris, J.C., Head, D. (2010). Exercise and Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers in cognitively normal older adults. Annals of Neurology, 68, 311-318

https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.22096

Unstructured Citation

Mangialasche, F., Solomon, A., Winblad, B., Mecocci, P., & Kivipelto, M. (2010). Alzheimer’s disease: clinical trials and drug development. The Lancet Neurology, 9, 702-716.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(10)70119-8

Unstructured Citation

McCurry, S.M., Pike, K.C., Vitiello, M.V., Logsdon, R.G., Larson, E.B., & Teri, L. (2011). Increasing walking and bright light exposure to improve sleep in community-dwelling persons with Alzheimer’s disease: results of a randomized, controlled trial. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 59(8), 1393- 402.

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03519.x

Unstructured Citation

Mead, G.E., Morley, W., Campbell, P., Greig, C.A., McMurdo, M., & Lawlor, D.A. (2009). Exercise for depression. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD004366

https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004366.pub4

Unstructured Citation

Middleton, L.E, & Yaffe, K. (2010). Targets for the prevention of dementia. Journal of the Alzheimer’s Disease, 20, 915-924

Unstructured Citation

Nusselder, W.J., Looman, C.W.N., Franco, O.H., Peeters, A., Slingerland, A.S., & Mackenbach, J.P. (2008) The relation between non-occupational physical activity and years lived with and without disability. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 62, 823-828

https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.2007.067165

Unstructured Citation

Olazarán, J., Muñiz, R., Reisberg, B., Peña-Casanova, J., del Ser, T., Cruz- Jentoft, A. J., Serrano, P., Navarro, E., García de la Rocha, M. L., Frank, A., Galiano, M., Fernández-Bullido, Y., Serra, Y. A., González-Salvador, M.T. & Sevilla, C. (2004). Benefits of cognitive-motor intervention in MCI and mild to moderate Alzheimer disease. Neurology, 63, 2348-2353

https://doi.org/10.1212/01.WNL.0000147478.03911.28

Unstructured Citation

Patel, K.V., Coppin, A.K., Manini, T.M., Lauretani, F., Bandinelli, S., Ferrucci, L., & Guralnik, J.M. (2006). Midlife physical activity and mobility in older age: The InCHIANTI study. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 31(3), 217-224.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2006.05.005

Unstructured Citation

Paterson, D.H., & Warburton, D.E. (2010). Physical activity and functional limitations in older adults: a systematic review related to Canada’s Physical Activity Guidelines. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 11, 7-38.

Unstructured Citation

Penninx, B.W., Messier, S.P., Rejeski, W.J., Williamson, J.D., DiBari, M., Cavazzini, C., Applegate, W.B., & Pahor, M. (2001). Physical exercise and the prevention of disability in activities of daily living in older persons with osteoarthritis. Archives of Internal Medicine, 161(19), 2309-2316.

https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.161.19.2309

Unstructured Citation

Pereira, A.C., Huddleston, D.E., Brickman, A.M., Sosunov, A.A., Hen, R., McKhann, G.M., Sloan, R., Gage, F.H., Brown, T.R., &, Small, S.A. (2007). An in vivo correlate of exercise-induced neurogenesis in the adult dentate gyrus. PNAS, 104, 5638-5643.

https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0611721104

Unstructured Citation

Plassman, B.L., Williams, J.W., Burke, J.R., Holsinger, T., & Benjamin, S. (2010). Systematic review: factors associated with risk for and possible prevention of cognitive decline in later life. Annals of Internal Medicine, 153, 182-193.

https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-153-3-201008030-00258

Unstructured Citation

Podewils, L.J., Guallar, E., Kuller, L.H., Fried, L.P., Lopez, O.L., Carlson, M., & Lyketsos, C.G. (2005). Physical activity, APOE genotype, and dementia risk: findings from the Cardiovascular Health Cognition Study. American Journal of Epidemiology, 161, 639-51

https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwi092

Unstructured Citation

Podewils, L.J., & Guallar, E. (2006). Mens sana in corpore sano. Annals of Internal Medicine, 144, 135-136

https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-144-2-200601170-00011

Unstructured Citation

Potter, R., Ellard, D., Rees, K., & Thorogood, M. (2011). A systematic review of the effects of physical activity on physical functioning, quality of life and depression in older people with dementia. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 26(10), 1000-1011.

https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.2641

Unstructured Citation

Ravaglia, G., Forti, P., Lucicesare, A., Pisacane, N., Rietti, E., Bianchin, M., & Dalmonte, E. (2008). Physical activity and dementia risk in the elderly. Findings from a prospective Italian study. Neurology, 70, 1768-1794.

Unstructured Citation

Rogers, R.L., Meyer, J.S., & Mortel, K.F. (1990). After reaching retirement age physical activity sistains cerebral perfusion and cognition. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 38, 123-128

Unstructured Citation

Rolland, Y., Pillard, F., Klapouszczak, A., Reynish, E., Thomas, D., Andrieu, S., Riviere, D., & Vellas, B. (2007). Exercise program for nursing home residents with Alzheimer’s disease: a 1-year randomized controlled trial. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 55, 158-165

Unstructured Citation

Rovio, S., Kåreholt, I., Helkala, E.L., Viitanen, M., Winblad, B., Tuomilehto, J., Soininen, H., Nissinen, A., & Kivipelto, M. (2005). Leisure-time physical activity at midlife and the risk of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. The Lancet Neurology., 4, 705-11.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(05)70198-8

Unstructured Citation

Savica, R., & Petersen, R.C. (2011). Prevention of dementia. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 34, 127-145

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2010.11.006

Unstructured Citation

Scarmeas, N., & Stern, Y. (2003). Cognitive reserve and lifestyle. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 5, 625-633

Unstructured Citation

Smith, P.J., Blumenthal, J.A., Hoffman, B.M., Cooper, H, Strauman, T.A., Welsh-Bohmer, K., Browndyke, J.N., & Sherwood, A. (2010). Aerobic exercise and neurocognitive performance: a meta-analytic review of randomized controlled trials. Psychosomatic Medicine, 72, 239-252

https://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0b013e3181d14633

Unstructured Citation

Sofi, F., Valecchi, D., Bacci, D., Abbate, R., Gensini, G.F., Casini, A., & Macchi, C. (2010). Physical activity and risk of cognitive decline: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Journal of Internal Medicine, 269, 107-117

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2010.02281.x

Unstructured Citation

Stuck, A.E., Walhert, J.M., Nikolaus, T., Bula, C.J., Holman, C., & Beck, J.C. (1999). Risk factors for functional status decline in community-living elderly people: a systematic literature review. Social Science & Medicine,48, 445- 469.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(98)00370-0

Unstructured Citation

Sun, Q., Townsend, M.K., Okereke, O.I., Franco, O.H., Hu, F.B., & Grodstein, F. (2010). Physical activity at midlife in relation to successful survival in women at age 70 years or older. Archives of Internal Medicine, 170(2), 194-201

https://doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2009.503

Unstructured Citation

Taaffe, D.R., Irie, F., Masaki, K.H., Abbott, R.D., Petrovitch, H., Webster Ross, G., & White, L.R. (2008). Physical activity, physical function, and incident dementia in elderly men: the Honolulu–Asia Aging Study. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 63(5), 529- 535.

Unstructured Citation

Tan, Z.S., Beiser, A.S., Au, R., Kelly-Hayes, M., Vasan, R.S., Auerbach, S., Murabito, J., Pikula, A., Wolf, P.A., & Seshadri, S.S. (2010). Physical activity and the risk of dementia: the Framingham Study. Alzheimer’s Association International Conference on Alzheimer’s Disease, Abstract 01-01-03.

Unstructured Citation

Vercambre, M.N., Grodstein, F., Manson, J.A.E., Stampfer, M.J., Kang, J.H. (2011). Physical activity and cognition in women with vascular conditions. Archives of Internal Medicine, 171(14), 1244-1250

https://doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2011.282

Unstructured Citation

Verdelho, A., Madureira, S., Ferro, J.M., Baezner, H., Blahak, C., Poggesi, A., Hennerici, M., Pantoni, L., Fazekas, F., Scheltens, P., Waldemar, G., Wallin, A., Erkjniuntti, T., & Inzitari, D. (2012). Physical activity prevent progression for cognitive impairment and vascular dementia. Stroke, 43(12), 3351-3355

https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.112.661793

Unstructured Citation

Verghese, J., Lipton, R.B., Katz, M.J., Hall, C.B., Derby, C.A., Kuslansky, G., Ambrose, A.F., Sliwinski, M., & Buschke, H. (2003). Leisure activities and the risk of dementia in the elderly. The New England Journal of Medicine, 348, 2508-16.

https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa022252

Unstructured Citation

Weuve, J., Kang, J.H., Manson, J.E., Breteler, M.M.B., Ware, J.H., & Grodstein, F. (2004). Physical activity including walking and cognitive function in older women. JAMA, 292, 1454-1461.

https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.292.12.1454

Unstructured Citation

WHO (2002). Reducing risks, promoting healthy life. World Health Report 2002

Unstructured Citation

WHO (2010). Global recommendations on physical activity for health. World Health Organization

Unstructured Citation

Williams, C.L., & Tappen, R.M. (2007). Effect of Exercise on Mood in Nursing Home Residents With Alzheimer’s Disease. American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias, 22, 389-397

https://doi.org/10.1177/1533317507305588

Unstructured Citation

Winchester, J., Dick, M.B., Gillen, D., Reed, B., Miller, B., Tinklenberg, J., Mungas, D., Chui, H., Galasko, D., Hewett, L., & Cotman, C.W. (2013). Walking stabilizes cognitive functioning in Alzheimer’s disease across one year. Arch Gerontol Geriatr, 56(1), 96-103

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2012.06.016

Unstructured Citation

Yaffe, K., Barnes, D., Nevitt, M., Lui, L.Y., & Covinsky, K. (2001). A prospective study of physical activity and cognitive decline in elderly women. Archives of Internal Medicine, 161, 1703-1708

https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.161.14.1703